BIOLOGY 101 UNIT II OUTLINE
 
Cell Energetics
 Laws of thermodynamics
 Law of conservation
 Law of entropy
 Energy flow through living systems
 Oxidation and reduction
 Action of enzymes as catalysts
 Induced fit hypothesis
 cofactors
 effect of heat
 effect of pH
 law of mass action 
 Role of ATP
 structure
 ATP cycle
 Role of coenzymes 
 Metabolism
 Catabolic pathways
 Anabolic pathways
 Cellular respiration
 Mitochondria
 structure
 Glycolysis
 Fermentation
 alcohol
 lactic acid
 Krebs cycle
 Electron transport
  Oxidative phosphorylation
 Chemiosmotic coupling
 ATP synthetase
 Other catabolic pathways
 Lipid catabolism
 Protein " 
 Photosynthesis
 General equation
 Chloroplasts
 Structure
 Grana
 Stroma
 Light absorption
 spectrum
 Photosynthetic pigments
 Chlorophyll a
 Chlorophyll b
 Carotenoids
 absorption spectrums
 action spectrum
 Light trapping reactions
 Photosystems I and II
 Cyclic photophosphorylation
 Photosynthetic phosphorylation
 The Calvin cycle (3 carbon pathway)
 C4 pathway (4 carbon pathway) 
 PEP
 PEP carboxylase
 Photorespiration